Результаты исследований обучающихся в проекте Environmental problems
Содержание
Авторы и участники проекта
- Дождева Мария
- Курицына Анна
- Участники группы "The Moon"
Тема исследования группы
Which countries are supposed to be the most polluted
Проблемный вопрос (вопрос для исследования)
Which countries are supposed to be the most polluted?
Гипотеза исследования
We think,that there are a lot of ecological problems in todays world. Most of the contries are polluted.
Цели исследования
1) узнать степень загрязненности планеты и глобальные экологические проблемы
2) выяснить какие страны являются наиболее загрязненными
3) определить какая проблема в данных странах является наиболее острой
4) подготовить пути решения экологических проблем в этих странах
Результаты проведённого исследования
1) Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. In 2015, pollution killed 9 million people in the world. Major forms of pollution include: Air pollution, light pollution, littering, noise pollution, plastic pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, thermal pollution, visual pollution, water pollution.
2) Air pollution is a far bigger killer than many people realise, causing more than three million premature deaths worldwide every year. Global pollution levels are on the rise, and while some countries are blazing a trail in tackling it, others have done little to stop it ruining lives. Here are the 20 most polluted and 20 least polluted nations, based on World Health Organization figures on levels of tiny pollutant particles in their cities. The worst: Iran,Serbia,Peru,Mauritius,Turkey,China,Pakistan.
3) Eastern Europe and the Balkans have the highest pollution-linked death rates on the continent, according to the WHO. Bad air causes more than 5,400 premature deaths in Serbia alone. While much of Western Europe has moved away from coal-fired power plants, they remain key in countries like Serbia, Quartz reports. The common use of wood and coal stoves among generally poorer populations is another factor worsening air quality.Lima has the unfortunate title of pollution capital of the Americas, with the worst air of any major city in the region. The capital is followed by La Paz in Bolivia and Santiago in Chile, according to The Guardian. The Peruvian Times reports that the authorities have reduced the number of old and harmful public buses on Lima’s roads, but a sharp increase in private car use has kept pollution levels high.Turkey has some of Europe’s most polluted cities, including Istanbul and Igdir. Its Chamber of Environmental Engineers says low-quality coal, used for heating and transport, is the prime culprit, according to Hurriyet Daily News. Istanbul also ranks among Eco Experts’ 10 global cities with the most sound, air and light pollution overall. Loud noise and light may not appear as serious as dirty air, but they can disrupt people’s sleep – which has knock-on effects on mental and physical health.
4) Reduction of household and industrial waste. This is especially true of plastic utensils. It is gradually replaced by paper. Studies are being conducted to eliminate bacteria that feed on plastics.
Cleaning of drains. Billions of cubic meters of water are consumed annually to support various branches of human activity. Modern sewage treatment plants allow you to clean it to its natural state. Transition to pure energy sources. This means a gradual abandonment of nuclear energy, engines and furnaces that run on coal and petroleum products. The use of natural gas, wind, solar energy and hydroelectric power plants ensures the purity of the atmosphere.
The use of biofuels can significantly reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the exhaust gases.
Protection and restoration of land and forests. Planted new forests in the field of cutting. Measures are being taken to drain the lands and protect them from erosion.
Вывод
В ходе нашей исследовательской работы нам удалось выяснить глобальные экологические проблемы планеты в целом. Также мы подготовили топ стран, являющихся наиболее загрязненными. Далее мы определили какие проблемы в этих странах представляют собой наибольшую угрозу для жителей. Нами были разработаны несколько путей решения данных проблем.
