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Photo Voltaic panels make totally free electrical power from the sunshine by changing sunlight to electric power with no shifting parts, zero emissions, and no maintenance. The solar panel, the first element of a Photo Voltaic Power System, is a collection of specific silicon cells that make electricity from sunlight. The photons (light particles) make an electrical existing as they strike the surface area of the skinny silicon wafers. A solitary solar cell produces only about 1/2 (.5) of a volt. However, a typical 12 volt panel about 25 inches by 54 inches will include 36 cells wired in sequence to generate about 17 volts peak output. If the solar panel can be configured for 24 volt output, there will be 72 cells so the two 12 volt teams of 36 each can be wired in series, typically with a jumper, allowing the solar panel to output 24 volts. When beneath load (charging batteries for example), this voltage drops to 12 to 14 volts (for a 12 volt configuration) resulting in 75 to a hundred watts for a panel of this size.

Multiple solar panels cost can be wired in parallel to improve latest capacity (more power) and wired in collection to enhance voltage for 24, 48, or even greater voltage systems. The advantage of employing a higher voltage output at the photo voltaic panels is that more compact wire dimensions can be employed to transfer the electrical electrical power from the photo voltaic panel array to the charge controller & batteries.

Monocrystalline solar panels: The most efficient and pricey photo voltaic panels are made with Monocrystalline cells. These photo voltaic cells use extremely pure silicon and involve a complex crystal expansion process. Prolonged silicon rods are created which are slice into slices of .2 to .4 mm thick discs or wafers which are then processed into specific cells that are wired with each other in the solar panel.

Polycrystalline solar panels: Frequently named Multi-crystalline, photo voltaic panels made with Polycrystalline cells are a minor significantly less expensive & slightly much less successful than Monocrystalline cells since the cells are not grown in single crystals but in a huge block of a lot of crystals. This is what offers them that striking shattered glass appearance. Like Monocrystalline cells, they are also then sliced into wafers to produce the person cells that make up the solar panel.